Unveiling the Ancient Heart of Roman London: The Discovery of a 2,000-Year-Old Basilica
In the bustling heart of London, where modern skyscrapers and financial institutions dominate the landscape, archaeologists have made a groundbreaking discovery that takes us back 2,000 years to the time of the Romans. During construction work at 85 Gracechurch Street in the City of London financial district, the remains of an ancient Roman basilica were unearthed. This remarkable find has shed new light on the history of Londinium, as Roman London was once known, and offers a glimpse into the political, social, and cultural life of one of the Roman Empire’s most important cities.
The basilica, which would have served as the "beating heart" of Londinium, was a central structure in the city’s forum. The forum was not just a marketplace but a hub of political and social activity, where magistrates, officials, and politicians gathered to make key decisions. According to a joint statement from Museum of London Archaeology (MOLA) and Hertshten Properties, the basilica would have housed a tribunal—a raised stage where important deliberations took place. This discovery is nothing short of a treasure trove for historians and archaeologists, as it provides unprecedented insights into the functioning of Roman London.
Sophie Jackson, director of development at MOLA, described the discovery as "one of the most significant made in the City in recent years." The excavation revealed foundations and walls made of flint, ragstone, and Roman tile, some of which were over 10 meters wide, 1 meter long, and 4 meters deep. These structures are a testament to the engineering prowess of the Romans and their ability to build lasting monuments. The forum, where the basilica stood, was constructed in the late 70s and 80s AD and was built on a raised platform, roughly the size of a soccer pitch. It was a symbol of Roman power and authority, a reminder of the empire’s reach and influence.
What makes this discovery even more remarkable is the level of preservation. While archaeologists had long suspected the location of the basilica, they were unsure how much of it would have survived centuries of subsequent construction. However, the excavation has revealed "extraordinary levels of preservation," exceeding expectations. This has raised hopes that even more secrets may lie beneath the surface, waiting to be uncovered. Ron Hertshten, CEO of Hertshten Properties, the company behind the redevelopment project, expressed excitement about incorporating the Roman Basilica into a "world-class public experience" as part of the new development.
The basilica itself was likely in use for only about 20 years before it was demolished to make way for a larger second forum. This reflects the rapid growth and importance of Londinium within the Roman Empire. By the time the second forum was built, London had already become a major commercial and political center, and the expansion of its infrastructure was necessary to accommodate its growing prominence. Despite its relatively short lifespan, the basilica’s legacy endures, offering a window into the lives of the people who called Londinium home.
As the site is prepared for public access, the discovery of the Roman basilica serves as a powerful reminder of London’s rich and diverse history. From its humble beginnings as a Roman settlement to its current status as a global capital, London’s story is one of continuous evolution and transformation. This latest chapter in the city’s archaeological history not only deepens our understanding of its past but also invites us to connect with the people and cultures that shaped it over the centuries. In doing so, it reminds us that even in the heart of a modern metropolis, the echoes of ancient civilizations can still be heard.
